Introduction : Traditional models and new directions / Annete Yoshiko Reed & Adam H. becker -- What "parting of the ways"? Jews, gentiles and the ancient Mediterranean city / Paula Fredriksen -- Semantic differences; or, "Judaism"/"Christianity" / Daniel Boyarin -- The weighing of the parts : pivots and pitfalls in the study of early Judaisms and their early Christian offspring / Robert A. Kraft -- The lion and the lamb : reconsidering Jewish-Christian relations in antiquity / Andrew S. Jacobs -- Modeling the "parting of the ways" / Martin Goodman -- Beyond "Jewish Christianity" : continuing religious sub-cultures of the second and third centuries and their documents / David Frankfurter -- The jews and Christians in the Martyrdom of Polycarp : entangled or parted ways? / E. Leigh Gibson -- Tractate Avot and early Christian succession lists / Amram Tropper -- "Jewish Christianity" after the "parting of the ways" : approaches to historiography and self-definition in the Pseudo-Clementines / Annette Yoshiko Reed -- A convergence of the ways? The Judaizing of Christian scripture by Origen and Jerome / Alison Salvesen -- Whose fast is it? The Ember Day of September and Yom Kippur / Daniel Stokl Ben Ezra -- Zippora's complaint : Moses is not conscientious in the deed! Exegetical traditions of Moses' celibacy / Naomi Koltun-Fromm -- Rabbi Ishmael's miraculous conception : Jewish redemption history in anti-Christian polemic / Raʻanan S. Abusch -- Jews and heretics - a category error? / Averil Cameron -- Did Jewish Christians see the rise of Islam? / John G. Gager -- Beyond the spatial and temporal Limes : questioning the "parting of the ways" outside the Roman Empire / Adam H. Becker.